Resources

BTO range rings and BFO Doppler residuals

Inmarsat / Ashton et al. · Journal of Navigation

Burst Timing Offset describes distance from the satellite (an arc on the Earth). Burst Frequency Offset encodes relative motion and is why official analysis went south, not north.

CTBTO HA08 North at Diego Garcia went dark in March 2014

Cable break ~189 km offshore · South array kept listening

Confirmed by CTBTO. The northern hydroacoustic segment of HA08, off Diego Garcia, suffered a trunk-cable fault in March 2014 about 189–190 km from shore, more than a kilometre and a half down. HA08 South continued. North stayed silent for twelve years. A conventional splash in the southern Indian Ocean is not thereby erased — Cape Leeuwin (HA01) and HA08 South remained in the network.

Inmarsat signalling-unit log for 9M-MRO

Perth Ground Earth Station · 7–8 March 2014

The table of channel, BTO, BFO and message type that underpins every arc on every search map. Released by Malaysia with Inmarsat notes.

Inmarsat signalling-unit logs for 9M-MRO

Perth Ground Earth Station · 7–8 March 2014

The raw-ish tables of channel, BTO, BFO and message type that underpin every arc on every search map. Released by Malaysia with Inmarsat explanatory notes.

Landing MH370

Jeff Wise · Finding MH370 S1E27 · 28 November 2024 · 45:12

The northern-landing telling: discard or spoof BFO, keep BTO, fly borders, land at a long Central Asian runway (Wise’s 2015 candidate was Yubileyniy / Baikonur). Requires the African debris field to be explained away.

The 7th arc

00:19:29 UTC aircraft-initiated log-on

BTO range ring at the last transmission. Official and Ocean Infinity boxes are arguments about a segment of this arc plus a stand-off. It is not a crash pin.

The Search for MH370 is Back ON!

Mentour Now · 24 March 2025 · 23:19

Follow-up on Malaysia’s 2025 Ocean Infinity restart. Recaps BTO as range and BFO as Doppler, the southern-arc choice, and overlays Godfrey’s WSPR figure-eights on a line through the captain’s simulator coordinates.

A NEW Trace! The FULL MH370 Story, so Far

Mentour Pilot · Petter Hörnfeldt · 16 March 2024 · 56:06

Type-rated 737 captain’s reconstruction from the 2018 report, Inmarsat BTO/BFO, and the Blelly–Marchand end-of-flight paper. Argues the transponder was selected off in two steps, not failed as a unit. Closes with a WSPR lead and a request to restart the search.

Could the Inmarsat BFO have been spoofed?

Wise’s northern path stands or falls on this. Inmarsat and ATSB treat BFO as a physical Doppler residual. No public demonstration has shown a 2014-era 777 SDU emitting a false BFO while keeping a consistent BTO.

Diego Garcia

British Indian Ocean Territory · collection-geography question

US/UK atoll. CTBTO HA08 North hydrophones went dark in March 2014 after a deep-ocean cable break. UCT-2 was on the island that month on near-shore HDAS cables. Neither fact is a finding that MH370 was collected or hidden here.

Jeff Wise: northern hijack to Kazakhstan, BFO spoofed

2015 New York Magazine thesis, restated in Netflix episode 2 and in Finding MH370 “Landing MH370.” Keep BTO, discard or spoof BFO, fly borders, land on a long Central Asian runway. Requires the African debris field to be explained away.

The Search for MH370 — Journal of Navigation

Ashton, Dickinson, Hall, Roberts, Smith · Inmarsat · 2014/15

The paper that showed how BTO and BFO from routine signalling units can reconstruct a long flight the airline did not know it still had.

Flight MH370 Vanished 10 Years Ago. What’s Happened Since?

CNA Insider · Insight · 8 March 2024 · 47:24

Tenth-anniversary Singapore broadcast: Inmarsat handshake rings, the 120,000 km² ATSB box, family pressure, and the state of independent debris work. Does not adopt a cockpit perpetrator.

Handshake 3

20:41:02 UTC

Third SATCOM handshake. Hourly keep-alive continues.

Handshake 6 — last successful hourly ping

00:10:58 UTC 8 March

The last completed ground-initiated handshake. Eight minutes later the aircraft sends a log-on associated with fuel exhaustion.

Inmarsat

Classic Aero I-3 · Perth Ground Earth Station

The communications company that became the principal witness to MH370’s last six hours.

Quiet Exodus: HA08 was blinded on purpose — not established

Outage confirmed · deliberate cut not shown · depths argue against UCT-2

The thesis treats the March 2014 HA08 North cable fault plus UCT-2’s presence as an acoustic blackout for MH370. The outage is real. The published UCT-2 task is near-shore anode work. HA08 South and HA01 kept listening. Deliberate blinding remains a hypothesis.

Satellite data unit logs back on

18:25:27 UTC · Handshake 1

Three minutes after the last radar paint, the aircraft SDU sends a log-on request to Inmarsat. Investigators treat this as a power restoration to the SATCOM avionics.

The Operational Search for MH370

ATSB AE-2014-054 · final search report 2017

Australia’s account of how the southern Indian Ocean search box was drawn, refined, and exhausted over 120,000 km². Primary technical home of the 7th-arc argument used in the field.

What can be documented at Diego Garcia on 7–8 March 2014?

HA08 North’s trunk failed in March 2014 about 189 km off Diego Garcia; UCT-2 was on the atoll doing near-shore HDAS anode work in 110 ft of water. Sensor, SIGINT, satellite-downlink and aircraft records for 7–8 March are still the question — not a finding.